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Ingredients

Amylase

Amylase

Amylase is an enzyme produced by the salivary glands and the pancreas that can break down starch, glycogen and related polysaccharides into simple sugars (1). Amylase derived from widely utilized fungi and bacteria, such as Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis, is approved for use as a food enzyme by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  GI-ZYME^® capsules
   •  MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
 

References

References

1. Ensminger AH, Ensminger ME, Konlande JE, Robson JRK. The Concise Encyclopedia of Foods and Nutrition. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1995.

2. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.

Last updated March, 2009

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Bifidobacterium bifidum

Bifidobacterium bifidum

Bifidobacterium bifidum is a strain of lactic acid-producing bacteria normally found in the human intestine, more so in breast-fed infants than in adults. Bifidobacterium bifidum is considered a probiotic, beneficial bacteria that help maintain the health of the intestinal tract and aid in digestion. Probiotics also assist in nutrient absorption and help control the amount of harmful bacteria in the gut. Probiotics come from food sources, such as yogurt, but they can also be consumed as dietary supplements. Orally, Bifidobacterium bifidum seems to be well-tolerated by most people. No adverse effects from Bifidobacteria ingestion have been reported (1).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
 

References

References

1. Natural Medicines: Comprehensive Database. Stockton, CA: Therapeutic Research Faculty, 2000.

Last updated March, 2009

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Inulin

Inulin

Inulin is a fructose-rich oligosaccharide that occurs naturally in plants, including a number of fruits and vegetables such as onions, leeks, garlic, bananas, asparagus and artichokes. Inulin is commonly added to foods due to its sweet taste and texture. Intake in the U.S. ranges from 1 to 4 grams daily. Inulin is considered a form of soluble fiber that is sometimes seen as a prebiotic, a non-digestible food ingredient that promotes the growth and/or activity of beneficial bacteria in the colon. Inulin-type prebiotics also include fructooligosaccharides and oligofructose (1). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been notified that industry considers inulin to be generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in foods and has not objected to their use for this purpose (GRN No. 000118).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  GlycoSlim^® chocolate meal replacement
   •  GlycoSlim^® vanilla meal replacement
   •  Simply Delicious™ snack bars cherry pie
   •  Simply Delicious™ snack bars chocolate raspberry truffle
 

References

References

1. PDR for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Physicians' Desk Reference, Inc, 2008.

Last updated March, 2009

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Invertase

Invertase

Invertase is an enzyme produced in the small intestine that breaks down the disaccharide sucrose into the monosaccharides glucose and fructose (1). It is typically derived from yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, for commercial use. Invertase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  GI-ZYME^® capsules
 

References

References

1. Ensminger AH, Ensminger ME, Konlande JE, Robson JRK. The Concise Encyclopedia of Foods and Nutrition. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1995.

2. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.

Last updated April, 2009

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Jerusalem artichoke (tuber)

Jerusalem artichoke (tuber)

Jerusalem artichoke is the root of the plant, Helianthus tuberosus, which is closely related to the sunflower. Native to North America, they were first cultivated by Native Americans and then brought over to areas of Europe and Asia. Jerusalem artichokes are most commonly dried and ground into flour after harvesting. They can also be consumed as a vegetable side dish. Jerusalem artichokes contain a significant amount of the polysaccharide inulin and can be used as a source of dietary fiber (1). They are also an excellent source of iron, a good source of thiamin and potassium, and a source of vitamin C, niacin and phosphorous (2).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
 

References

References

1. Ensminger AH, Ensminger ME, Konlande JE, Robson JRK. The Concise Encyclopedia of Foods and Nutrition. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1995.

2. United States Department of Agriculture. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 21. http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/site_main.htm?modecode=12-35-45-00. 2008.

Last updated April, 2009

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Lactobacillus acidophilus

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a strain of lactic acid-producing bacteria that is naturally found in the human gastrointestinal tract. It is commonly found in fermented milk products, such as yogurt, and can also be consumed as a dietary supplement. Lactobacillus acidophilus is considered a probiotic, beneficial bacteria that help maintain the health of the intestinal tract and aid in digestion. Probiotics also assist in nutrient absorption and help control the amount of harmful bacteria in the gut. Orally, Lactobacillus species are usually well-tolerated, the most common side effect being a mild case of flatulence that tends to subside as consumption continues (1).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
 

References

References

1.  Natural Medicines: Comprehensive Database. Stockton, CA: Therapeutic Research Faculty, 2000.

Last updated March, 2009

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Lactobacillus bulgaricus

Lactobacillus bulgaricus

Lactobacillus bulgaricus is a strain of lactic acid-producing bacteria that is naturally found in the human gastrointestinal tract. It is commonly found in fermented milk products, such as yogurt, and can also be consumed as a dietary supplement. Lactobacillus bulgaricus is considered a probiotic, beneficial bacteria that help maintain the health of the intestinal tract and aid in digestion. Probiotics also assist in nutrient absorption and help control the amount of harmful bacteria in the gut. Orally, Lactobacillus species are usually well-tolerated, the most common side effect being a mild case of flatulence that tends to subside as consumption continues (1).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
 

References

References

1. Natural Medicines. Comprehensive Database. Therapeutic Research Faculty, 2003.

Last updated April, 2009

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Lipase

Lipase

Lipase is an enzyme that digests fat-soluble molecules called lipids. It is found in many plants, milk, dairy products, bacteria, molds and animal tissues. In the human digestive system, lipase is made by the pancreas and secreted into the intestines to help break down dietary fats (1). Lipase derived from animal tissue and certain nontoxic and nonpathogenic fungi is approved for use as a food enzyme by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  GI-ZYME^® capsules
   •  MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
 

References

References

1. Natural Medicines: Comprehensive Database. Stockton, CA: Therapeutic Research Faculty, 2000.

2. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.

Last updated March, 2009

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Formulation Ingredients

Soybean oil

Soybean oil

Soybean oil is the oil that is extracted from the soybean, Glycine max. It is the most widely utilized vegetable oil in the United States. Soybean oil contains a large ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids, making it a healthy choice for use in foods (1). As an excipient, it is used to improve the bioavailability of fat-soluble ingredients (2). Soybean oil is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (3).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
 

References

References

1. Ensminger AH, Ensminger ME, Konlande JE, Robson JRK. The Concise Encyclopedia of Foods and Nutrition. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1995.

2. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Washington, DC: Pharmaceutical Press and American Pharmacists Assn, 2006.

3. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.

Last updated April, 2009

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Vegetable cellulose

Vegetable cellulose

Vegetable cellulose. Cellulose is a natural compound found in the cell walls of many plants. Powdered cellulose is added to tablets and capsules for a variety of reasons: to dilute the ingredients in tablets or capsules or to help tablets disintegrate following ingestion. Powdered cellulose is not absorbed systemically following oral ingestion and thus has little potential for toxicity. While consumption of large amounts (i.e., 6 g) may have a laxative effect, this is not a concern for individuals consuming the small amounts used as formulation aids in dietary supplements (1).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  Accelerator 3™ capsules
   •  Ambrotose^® Complex capsules
   •  BounceBack^® capsules
   •  FiberSlim™ capsules
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  GI-ZYME^® capsules
   •  Manna-C™ capsules
   •  Optimal Support Packets
   •  Phyt-Aloe^® capsules or powder
 

References

References

1. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Gurnee, IL: Pharmaceutical Press, 2006.

Last updated March, 2009

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