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Ambrotose® Complex capsules Ambrotose® Products: Technical Information for You and Your Doctor About Mannatech’s Glyconutrient Sugars and Healthy Blood Glucose Levels |
Ingredients
Aloe vera (inner leaf gel powder)Aloe vera (inner leaf gel powder)
Aloe vera inner leaf gel powder is the powder obtained from the freeze-dried gel from the leaves of the aloe vera plant, Aloe barbadensis.
For centuries, the plant aloe vera has been used by cultures for its beneficial effects on human health (1). Today aloe vera gel continues to be used in supplements, foods, beverages, and cosmetics. Aloe leaves consist of two major parts, the outer leaf epidermis and the inner leaf gel, which are very different in their chemical composition and properties. Aloe gel is obtained from the inner portion of the leaves. Aloe gel is rich in nutrients and contains an abundant supply of glycoproteins and mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides. Monosaccharide constituents include glucose, mannose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, galactose, arabinose, fucose, glucosamine, fructose, rhamnose and xylose (2).
Much of the health benefits observed by the use of aloe vera gel may be attributed to its high molecular weight polysaccharides. Before a process was developed to stabilize aloe vera gel or extracts, fresh preparations were regarded as being required for any therapeutic efficacy (3). It has now been shown that careful drying of aloe vera gel can retain the polysaccharide content important for producing many of its health benefits (4).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
• Advanced Ambrotose® capsules
• Advanced Ambrotose® powder
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose AO® capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• CardioBALANCE® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• MannaBears™ supplement
• Manna-C™ capsules
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• NutriVerus™ powder
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PhytoBurst® Nutritional Chews
• PhytoMatrix® caplets
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
ReferencesReferences
1. The Merck Index. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc., 1996.
2. Duncan, C., Ramberg, J., and Sinnott, R. Striking differences in Aloe vera gel carbohydrate composition, molecular weight and particle size distributions following processing will not be addressed by dietary supplement GMPs. Poster Presentation at the 5th Annual Natural Supplements Conference, January 17-20, 2008, Scripps Center for Integrative Medicine, San Diego, California.
3. Gjerstad G, Riner TD. Current status of aloe as a cure-all. Am J Pharm Sci Support Public Health 1968;140:58-64.
4. Ni Y, Turner D, Yates KM, Tizard I. Isolation and characterization of structural components of Aloe vera L. leaf pulp. Int J Immunopharmacol. 2004;4:1745-55.
Last updated March, 2013
Print This Ingredient- Arabinogalactan (from Larix spp. wood)
Arabinogalactan (from Larix spp. wood)
Arabinogalactans are a class of long, densely branched high-molecular weight polysaccharides extracted for commercial uses from the bark of the Eastern and Western Larch trees, Larix larcinia and Larix occidentalis. Their monosaccharide constituents include galactose, arabinose, glucose and mannose (1). Larch arabinogalactans are considered a good source of soluble dietary fiber. Arabinogalactans are common in many food plants, including corn, carrots, tomatoes, pears, wheat and red wine (2).
The amount of arabinogalactan absorbed through the intestine after an oral dose is unclear. Non-absorbed arabinogalactan is fermented by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (3),(4). Larch arabinogalactans are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) (21CFR172.610).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Advanced Ambrotose® capsules
• Advanced Ambrotose® powder
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex powder
• CardioBALANCE® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• Manna-C™ capsules
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• NutriVerus™ powder
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. Luta G, Duncan C, Sinnott R. Chemical characterization of polysaccharide-rich ingredients from Aloe vera, Larix laricina and Larix occidentalis, and Undaria pinnatifida. Presented at the Scripps Center for Integrative Medicine's 6th Annual Natural Supplements Conference, San Diego, California.January 22-25, 2009. 2009.2. Cui SW. Polysaccharide Gums from Agricultural Products: Processing, Structures & Functionality. Lancaster, Pa.: Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., 2001.3. Crociani F, Alessandrini A, Mucci MM, Biavati B. Degradation of complex carbohydrates by Bifidobacterium spp. Int J Food Microbiol 1994;24:199-210.4. Kelly GS. 'Larch arabinogalactan: clinical relevance of a novel immune-enhancing polysaccharide. Altern.Med Rev 1999;4:96-103.Last updated March, 2013
Print This Ingredient- Ghatti gum
Ghatti gum
Ghatti gum, a mixture of complex polysaccharides, comes from the bark of Anogeissus latifolia, a large tree native to India and Sri Lanka. Monosaccharide constituents include arabinose, galactose, mannose, xylose and glucuronic acid. Ghatti gum is used in supplements, foods, drugs and cosmetics. It contains as much as 80% soluble dietary fiber (1).Most gums are believed to be largely degraded in the colon (2). Test tube studies have demonstrated the fermentation of ghatti gum by the beneficial human bacteria species Bifidobacterium (3),(4). Ghatti gum is considered generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is permitted for use as a food (21CFR184.1333).This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Advanced Ambrotose® capsules
• Advanced Ambrotose® powder
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose AO® capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex powder
• CardioBALANCE® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• Emprizone® gel
• FIRM with Ambrotose® cream
• Manna-C™ capsules
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. Glicksman M. Gum Ghatti (Indian gum). In: Glicksman M, ed. Food Hydrocolloids. Boca Raton: CRC Press 1983:31-7.
2. Hill MJ. Bacterial fermentation of complex carbohydrate in the human colon. Eur J Cancer Prev 1995;4:353-8.
3. Crociani F, Alessandrini A, Mucci MM, Biavati B. Degradation of complex carbohydrates by Bifidobacterium spp. Int J Food Microbiol 1994;24:199-210.
4. Salyers AA, West SE, Vercellotti JR, Wilkins TD. Fermentation of mucins and plant polysaccharides by anaerobic bacteria from the human colon. Appl Environ Microbiol 1977;34:529-33.
Last updated March, 2013
Print This Ingredient- Gum tragacanth
Gum tragacanth
Gum tragacanth comes from the stems and branches of the flowering plant Astragalus gummifer. The raw gum is made up of a mixture of two polysaccharides. Monosaccharide constituents include galactose, arabinose, xylose, fucose, rhamnose, and galacturonic acid (1). Gum tragacanth has been approved for use in pharmaceuticals in the U.S. since 1820 and in foods since 1925 (2). Most gums are believed to be largely degraded in the colon (3). Test tube studies have demonstrated that gum tragacanth can be digested by a number of bacteria that inhabit the human colon, including the beneficial Bifidobacteria species (4),(5). Gum tragacanth is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is commonly added to foods (21CFR184.1351).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Advanced Ambrotose® capsules
• Advanced Ambrotose® powder
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose AO® capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex powder
• CardioBALANCE® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• Emprizone® gel
• FIRM with Ambrotose® cream
• Manna-C™ capsules
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• NutriVerus™ powder
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. Anderson DM, Howlett JF, McNab CG. The amino acid composition of the proteinaceous component of gum tragacanth (Asiatic Astragalus spp.). Food Addit Contam 1985;2:231-5.
2. Anderson DM. Evidence for the safety of gum tragacanth (Asiatic Astragalus spp.) and modern criteria for the evaluation of food additives. Food Addit Contam 1989;6:1-12.
3. Hill MJ. Bacterial fermentation of complex carbohydrate in the human colon. Eur J Cancer Prev 1995;4:353-8.
4. Crociani F, Alessandrini A, Mucci MM, Biavati B. Degradation of complex carbohydrates by Bifidobacterium spp. Int J Food Microbiol 1994;24:199-210.
5. Salyers AA, West SE, Vercellotti JR, Wilkins TD. Fermentation of mucins and plant polysaccharides by anaerobic bacteria from the human colon. Appl Environ Microbiol 1977;34:529-33.
Last updated March, 2013
Print This Ingredient- Vitamin A (as mixed caroteniods from Blakeslea trispora fungus)
Vitamin A (as mixed caroteniods from Blakeslea trispora fungus)
Vitamin A, also called retinol, is a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for humans. Adequate intake is important for normal vision and immune function. Dietary vitamin A can be provided as both preformed vitamin A and provitamin A carotenoids that are precursors to vitamin A. Preformed vitamin A is abundant in animal-derived foods like liver, kidney, eggs, and dairy products. Carotenoids, like beta-carotene, are found in darkly colored fruits and vegetables. Preformed vitamin A is efficiently absorbed through the intestines, while carotenoids may either be absorbed through the intestines intact or cleaved to form vitamin A prior to absorption. The proportion of beta-carotene converted to vitamin A decreases as beta-carotene intake increases, limiting the risk of vitamin A toxicity (1).
Dietary preformed vitamin A and provitamin A carotenoids have vitamin A activity that can be expressed as retinol activity equivalents (RAEs) or international units (IU). In the U.S., 1 RAE is equal to 3.33 IU vitamin A. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a Reference Daily Intake (RDI) of 5,000 IUs vitamin A for adults and children 4 or more years of age (21CFR101.9). RDIs are a set of dietary references for essential vitamins and minerals that are considered amounts sufficient to meet the daily requirements of healthy individuals. RDIs serve as the basis for calculating the percent daily value (%DV) amounts found on dietary supplement and food labels.
Blakeslea trispora is a fungus that can be used as a source of carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, gamma-carotene and lycopene, for dietary supplements (2), (3).This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• PhytoBurst® nutritional chews
• PhytoMatrix® caplets
References
1. Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 2002.
2. Olempska-Beer Z. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Lycopene from Blakeslea trispora Chemical and Technical Assessment. 2006. College Park, Maryland.
3. Jeong J, Lee I, Kim S, Park Y. Stimulation of beta-carotene synthesis by hydrogen peroxide in Blakeslea trispora. Biotechnology Letters 1999;21:683–6.
Last updated April, 2013
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Formulation Ingredients
- Brown rice flour
Brown rice flour
Brown rice flour. Brown rice (or "hulled rice") is unmilled or partly milled rice, Oryza sativa. The process that produces brown rice removes only the outermost layer, the husk, of the rice kernel, which is the least damaging to its nutritional value and avoids the unnecessary loss of nutrients that occurs with further processing. To make brown rice flour, the husk of rice or paddy is removed and raw rice is ground to form a powder. Brown rice is an excellent source of manganese, and a good source of the minerals selenium and magnesium (1). Brown rice flour is gluten free.
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. The George Mateljan Foundation. In depth nutritional analysis of brown rice, cooked. http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=nutrientprofile&dbid=135. 2008. 11-12-0008.
Last updated March, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is added to capsule and tablet formulations to reduce clumping (1). Silica is found in many foods, particularly whole grains (oats and barley), sugar beets, sugar cane, soybeans, turnips, green beans (2). The average intake of silica in adults is 14-21 mg/day (3). The bioavailability of silicate additives is low (4). Silica that occurs in food and water has not been shown to cause any adverse effects (3).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• BounceBack® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• FiberSlim™ capsules
• GI-ProBalance™ slimsticks
• GlycoSlim® chocolate meal replacement
• GlycoSlim® vanilla meal replacement
• ImmunoSTART® tablets
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• PhytoMatrix® caplets
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. The Merck Index. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co., 2006.
2. Nutritional Biochemistry and Metabolism. New York, New York: Elsevier, 1991.
3. Natural Medicines: Comprehensive Database. Stockton, CA: Therapeutic Research Faculty, 2000.
4. Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 2002.
Last updated April, 2013
Print This Ingredient- Stearic acid
Stearic acid
Stearic acid is a naturally occurring fatty acid that is found in animal and vegetable fats. In dietary supplements, it is typically a combination of stearic and palmitic acids. Stearic acid is used as a lubricantin capsules and tablets and is also used widely in cosmetics and food products (1). It is used in topical formulations to assist in mixing ingredients and to stabilize oil-in-water mixtures (2).
Stearic acid is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) (21CFR184.1090) and is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritating material (1). It is also included in the U.S. FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide as safe to use in the amounts present in our products (3).This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• Body Lotion
• Catalyst™ caplets
• FIRM with Ambrotose® cream
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PLUS™ caplets
References
1. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Gurnee, IL: Pharmaceutical Press, 2006.
2. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook. Washington, D.C.: The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, 2006.
3. FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/iig/index.cfm. 2007.
Last updated March, 2013
Print This Ingredient- Vegetable cellulose
Vegetable cellulose
Vegetable cellulose. Cellulose is a natural compound found in the cell walls of many plants. Powdered cellulose is added to tablets and capsules for a variety of reasons: to dilute the ingredients in tablets or capsules or to help tablets disintegrate following ingestion. Powdered cellulose is not absorbed systemically following oral ingestion and thus has little potential for toxicity. While consumption of large amounts (i.e., 6 g) may have a laxative effect, this is not a concern for individuals consuming the small amounts used as formulation aids in dietary supplements (1).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• BounceBack® capsules
• FiberSlim™ capsules
• GI-ZYME® capsules
• Manna-C™ capsules
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
References
1. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Gurnee, IL: Pharmaceutical Press, 2006.
Last updated April, 2013
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NSF- Certified according to the NSF/ANSI 173 Dietary Supplement Standard—the only American National Standard for dietary supplements. This certification ensures that this product contains only the ingredients indicated on the label and is free of impurities, and that Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) were used in the manufacturing facility. |
* This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.