Inositol

Inositol is an organic compound closely related to glucose. Inositol can be found in foods such as bran, nuts, beans and fruit (1). Human breast milk is also a rich source of inositol. Inositol can be synthesized in the body to become essential components of cell membrane phospholipids (2). It is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (3).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  Catalyst™ caplets
   •  GlycoBears^® tablets
 

Inulin

Inulin is a fructose-rich oligosaccharide that occurs naturally in plants, including a number of fruits and vegetables such as onions, leeks, garlic, bananas, asparagus and artichokes. Inulin is commonly added to foods due to its sweet taste and texture. Intake in the U.S. ranges from 1 to 4 grams daily. Inulin is considered a form of soluble fiber that is sometimes seen as a prebiotic, a non-digestible food ingredient that promotes the growth and/or activity of beneficial bacteria in the colon. Inulin-type prebiotics also include fructooligosaccharides and oligofructose (1). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been notified that industry considers inulin to be generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in foods and has not objected to their use for this purpose (GRN No. 000118).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  GlycoSlim^® chocolate meal replacement
   •  GlycoSlim^® vanilla meal replacement
   •  Simply Delicious™ snack bars cherry pie
   •  Simply Delicious™ snack bars chocolate raspberry truffle
 

Inulin-oligosaccharide complex (from dried juice Dahlia variabilis tuber and chicory root)

Inulin-oligosaccharide complex (from dried juice Dahlia variabilis tuber and chicory root). Inulin is a fructose-rich oligosaccharide that occurs naturally in plants, including a number of fruits and vegetables such as onions, leeks, garlic, bananas, asparagus and artichokes. Inulin is commonly added to foods due to its sweet taste and texture. Intake in the U.S. ranges from 1 to 4 grams daily. Inulin is considered a form of soluble fiber that is sometimes seen as a prebiotic, a non-digestible food ingredient that promotes the growth and/or activity of beneficial bacteria in the colon. Inulin-type prebiotics also include fructooligosaccharides and oligofructose (1). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been notified that industry considers inulin to be generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in foods and has not objected to their use for this purpose (GRN No. 000118).
     Dahlia plants, such as Dahlia variabilis, are native to Mexico and Central America. They are widely cultivated for their various colorful flower heads. The fructose-containing oligosaccharide, inulin, can be obtained from the dried juice of dahlia tubers (2).
     Chicory, Cichorium intybus, is a plant native to Europe and areas of Asia. It was cultivated by ancient Egyptians, and is now consumed as a vegetable in salads in Europe and the United States. Fructans, such as inulin and oligofructose, are extracted from chicory roots (3).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
 

Invertase

Invertase is an enzyme produced in the small intestine that breaks down the disaccharide sucrose into the monosaccharides glucose and fructose (1). It is typically derived from yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, for commercial use. Invertase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GI-PRO^® capsules
   •  GI-ZYME^® capsules
 

Iodine

Iodine is an essential element required by humans for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Therefore, normal functioning of the thyroid gland, a gland actively involved in the regulation of metabolism, requires iodine. Humans obtain iodine from their diets. Iodine deficiency is rare in industrialized countries such as the United States due to the enrichment of table salt with iodine. Under normal conditions, the absorption of dietary iodine is greater than 90 percent (1).
     The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a Reference Daily Intake (RDI) of 150 μg iodine for adults and children 4 or more years of age (21CFR101.9). RDIs are a set of dietary references for essential vitamins and minerals that are considered amounts sufficient to meet the daily requirements of healthy individuals. RDIs serve as the basis for calculating the percent daily value (%DV) amounts found on dietary supplement and food labels.

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  Catalyst™ caplets
   •  GlycoBears^® tablets
   •  Optimal Support Packets
   •  PhytoBurst^® nutritional chews
   •  PhytoMatrix^® caplets
 

Iodine (as potassium iodide and kelp [Ascophyllum nodosum-whole plant])

Iodine is an essential element required by humans for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Therefore, normal functioning of the thyroid gland, a gland actively involved in the regulation of metabolism, requires iodine. Humans obtain iodine from their diets. Iodine deficiency is rare in industrialized countries such as the United States due to the enrichment of table salt with iodine. Under normal conditions, the absorption of dietary iodine is greater than 90 percent (1).
     The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a Reference Daily Intake (RDI) of 150 μg iodine for adults and children 4 or more years of age (21CFR101.9). RDIs are a set of dietary references for essential vitamins and minerals that are considered amounts sufficient to meet the daily requirements of healthy individuals. RDIs serve as the basis for calculating the percent daily value (%DV) amounts found on dietary supplement and food labels.
     Potassium iodide is an inorganic salt that occurs naturally in sea water and salt deposits. It is used in dietary supplements as a source of iodine. Potassium iodide is considered generally recognized as safe for use as a nutrient supplement in foods by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (21CFR184.1634) (2).
     Ascophyllum nodosum is a type of brown algae that grows in the North Atlantic basin (3). It contains many nutrients, including amino acids, polysaccharides and a number of vitamins and minerals (4). Ascophyllum nodosum is used as a source of the essential mineral iodine in dietary supplements.

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  GlycoBears^® tablets
 

Iodine (as potassium iodide)

Iodine is an essential element required by humans for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Therefore, normal functioning of the thyroid gland, a gland actively involved in the regulation of metabolism, requires iodine. Humans obtain iodine from their diets. Iodine deficiency is rare in industrialized countries such as the United States due to the enrichment of table salt with iodine. Under normal conditions, the absorption of dietary iodine is greater than 90 percent (1).
     The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a Reference Daily Intake (RDI) of 150 μg iodine for adults and children 4 or more years of age (21CFR101.9). RDIs are a set of dietary references for essential vitamins and minerals that are considered amounts sufficient to meet the daily requirements of healthy individuals. RDIs serve as the basis for calculating the percent daily value (%DV) amounts found on dietary supplement and food labels.
     Potassium iodide is an inorganic salt that occurs naturally in sea water and salt deposits. It is used in dietary supplements as a source of iodine. Potassium iodide is considered generally recognized as safe for use as a nutrient supplement in foods by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (21CFR184.1634) (2).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  Catalyst™ caplets
 

Iodine (from mustard sprout)

Iodine is an essential element required by humans for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Therefore, normal functioning of the thyroid gland, a gland actively involved in the regulation of metabolism, requires iodine. Humans obtain iodine from their diets. Iodine deficiency is rare in industrialized countries such as the United States due to the enrichment of table salt with iodine. Under normal conditions, the absorption of dietary iodine is greater than 90 percent (1).
     The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a Reference Daily Intake (RDI) of 150 μg iodine for adults and children 4 or more years of age (21CFR101.9). RDIs are a set of dietary references for essential vitamins and minerals that are considered amounts sufficient to meet the daily requirements of healthy individuals. RDIs serve as the basis for calculating the percent daily value (%DV) amounts found on dietary supplement and food labels.
     Mustard sprout. The greens and seeds of the Indian, or brown mustard plant, Brassica juncea, have been cultivated in Asia and Europe for thousands of years (2). Growing Indian mustard sprouts in mineral-enriched soil can increase the amount of minerals concentrated in the plant’s tissue. The sprouts can then be used in dietary supplements as sources of essential and trace minerals such as chromium, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc (3).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  Optimal Support Packets
   •  PhytoBurst^® nutritional chews
   •  PhytoMatrix^® caplets
 

Iris florentina root extract

Iris florentina root extract is a plant root extract used as a fragrance component in cosmetics and personal care products (1). Botanical and botanically derived ingredients used in the formulation of cosmetics are generally mild and safe.

Iron

Iron is an essential mineral that primarily functions in the movement of oxygen from the environment to the tissues. There are two forms of dietary iron: heme and non-heme. Sources of heme iron include meat, fish and poultry. Sources of non-heme iron include beans, lentils, flours, cereals and grains. Iron levels are tightly regulated in the human body, mainly by controlling the amount of iron absorbed from food. The proportion of dietary iron absorbed is determined by the iron requirement of the individual; more iron present in the body means less iron is absorbed through the intestine. Heme iron is more easily absorbed than non-heme iron (1).
     The risk of adverse effects from food sources of iron is low. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a Reference Daily Intake (RDI) of 18 mg iron for adults and children 4 or more years of age (21CFR101.9). RDIs are a set of dietary references for essential vitamins and minerals that are considered amounts sufficient to meet the daily requirements of healthy individuals. RDIs serve as the basis for calculating the percent daily value (%DV) amounts found on dietary supplement and food labels.

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  Catalyst™ caplets
   •  Optimal Support Packets
   •  PhytoBurst^® nutritional chews
   •  PhytoMatrix^® caplets
 

Iron (from mustard sprout)

Iron is an essential mineral that primarily functions in the movement of oxygen from the environment to the tissues. There are two forms of dietary iron: heme and non-heme. Sources of heme iron include meat, fish and poultry. Sources of non-heme iron include beans, lentils, flours, cereals and grains. Iron levels are tightly regulated in the human body, mainly by controlling the amount of iron absorbed from food. The proportion of dietary iron absorbed is determined by the iron requirement of the individual; more iron present in the body means less iron is absorbed through the intestine. Heme iron is more easily absorbed than non-heme iron (1).
     The risk of adverse effects from food sources of iron is low. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a Reference Daily Intake (RDI) of 18 mg iron for adults and children 4 or more years of age (21CFR101.9). RDIs are a set of dietary references for essential vitamins and minerals that are considered amounts sufficient to meet the daily requirements of healthy individuals. RDIs serve as the basis for calculating the percent daily value (%DV) amounts found on dietary supplement and food labels.
     Mustard sprout. The greens and seeds of the Indian, or brown mustard plant, Brassica juncea, have been cultivated in Asia and Europe for thousands of years (2). Growing Indian mustard sprouts in mineral-enriched soil can increase the amount of minerals concentrated in the plant’s tissue. The sprouts can then be used in dietary supplements as sources of essential and trace minerals such as chromium, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc (3).

This ingredient can be found in the following products:
   •  PhytoBurst^® nutritional chews
   •  PhytoMatrix^® caplets
 

Iron oxides

Iron oxides is an inorganic compound composed of iron and oxygen. It is used as a colorant in cosmetics and personal care products (1).